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Page 31 To place an order, go to www.willner.com or call (800) 633-1106 Since 1911 • Willner Chemists: The Nutritional Supplement Professionals What is the Role of Terpenes in Hemp-based Cannabis Products? C annabis consumers are increasingly becoming more sophisticated and knowledgeable about hemp-based cannabis. They learn about plant’s components and potential effects of phytochemicals known as phytocannabinoids, flavonoids, and terpenes. This article addresses the importance of terpene profiles in hemp cannabis products and what a consumer should look for when considering the purchase of such products. Terpenes were first analyzed in the early 1800’s and found to be present in all plants. Botanists found that terpenes were a major constituent of the plant’s essential oils responsible for its unique aroma. The early research also found that some terpenes were responsible for the plant’s protective mechanisms involving defense against predators, bacteria, and viruses, while other terpenes attracted bees for pollination. People don’t realize how frequently we are exposed to terpenes. When you walk through a pine forest and take a deep breath, that smell and the feeling it elicits comes from terpenes. When you are chopping basil, the aroma is from the terpenes that are being released. These scents initiate a cascade of responses such as increased saliva, appetite stimulation, a sense of relaxation, and a feeling of well-being. The cannabis industry and medical community continue to study the impact that terpenes have on human physiology, pathology, and its potential for therapeutics. Currently, we know that each cannabis strain has different combinations and ratios of terpenes and cannabinoids. These combinations and ratios of terpenes and cannabinoids can create a cascade of beneficial desired effects on how one feels. In botanical medicine, specific herbs with distinct combinations of terpenes are known to correlate with certain healing benefits. Data and information from thousands of studies on individually isolated terpenes and essential oils with terpene constituents have been cataloged since 1923. While more scientific research is needed, the information and studies thus far have demonstrated many promising benefits. Clinical studies are needed to complement the early research that has been conducted on how the interaction between cannabinoids and terpenes promote health by helping to remedy deficiencies of endocannabinoids (cannabinoids produced by our bodies). An area of particular interest is how terpenes can play a role in pain management. Early research has indicated a potential for anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving responses from terpenes. Clearly, there is a need for more in-depth clinical studies on how terpenes influence phytocannabinoids (cannabinoids produced by plants or vegetation) that bind to various receptors in the endocannabinoid system affecting the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, the gut, and the immune system. In addition to pain relief and anti- inflammatory responses, early research has demonstrated how specific terpenes and their interaction with cannabinoids show promise with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties among other health benefits. Cannabis consumers are increasingly becoming more sophisticated and knowledgeable about hemp-based cannabis. They learn about plant’s components and potential effects of phytochemicals known as phytocannabinoids, flavonoids, and terpenes. This article addresses the importance of terpene profiles in hemp cannabis products and what a consumer should look for when considering the purchase of such products. Notice: This information is designed to help you make informed decisions about your health, and the proper use of dietary supplements. It is not intended as a substitute for medical advice, nor a substitute for any treatment that may have been prescribed by your doctor. If you have a medical problem, you should seek medical help. Products described herein are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or mitigate disease. (Continued on page 36) By Dr. Howard Rubin, MP, PhD, ABMP, Chief Science Officer Gaard Labs