42928 OSTEO BONE FORMULA
90 VCA 25.95 20.76
55115 OSTEO BONE FORMULA
180 VCA 48.50 38.80
57736 PHOS SERINE COMPLE 500
60 SGC 39.95 31.96
55838 POWER THOUGHT
30 CPL 21.95 17.56
44193 POWER THOUGHT
60 CPL 35.95 28.76
53211 POWER THOUGHT
90 CPL 49.95 39.96
40498 POWER ZYME
60 CAP 19.50 15.60
59065 PRENATAL GENT EARL PRM
60 CPL 16.50 13.20
59068 PROTEIN DUAL ACT CHOC
1.0 PWD 26.95 21.56
59066 PROTEIN DUAL ACT FR VN
1.0 PWD 26.95 21.56
59067 PROTEIN DUAL ACT ORIG
1.0 PWD 26.95 21.56
53999 PYCNOGENOL 100 MG
60 VCA 89.95 71.96
52365 PYCNOGENOL 50 MG
60 VCA 48.50 38.80
43931 QUERCETIN SUPER
50 VCA 20.95 16.76
44811 QUERCETIN SUPER
100 VCA 36.95 29.56
60329 RAINFOREST ANIMAL MULT
90 CHW 11.95 9.56
60330 RAINFOREST ANIMAL MULT
180 CHW 21.95 17.56
60011 RED YEAST RICE 600 MG
120 VCA 30.95 24.76
58463 RESVERATROL 250 TRANS
30 VCA 19.95 15.96
58296 RESVERATROL 500 MG TR
30 VCA 38.95 31.16
55027 RHODIOLA ROSEA EXT 200
60 VCA 19.50 15.60
54316 RUTIN 500 MG
60 VCA 10.50 8.40
59444 SAW PALMETTO EXT 160
60 SGC 18.50 14.80
55026 SAW PALMETTO EXT 320
30 SGC 18.50 14.80
55023 SELENIUM 200 MCG Y/F
90 VCA 13.50 10.80
44624 SOY PROTEIN FR VAN SE
1.1 PWD 21.95 17.56
51857 STRESS B COMPLEX
100 VCA 22.95 18.36
55924 SUPER EARTH MULTI LIQ
32Z LIQ 30.95 24.76
40496 SUPER EARTH NO IRON
90 CPL 30.95 24.76
41847 SUPER EARTH WITH IRON
90 CPL 30.95 24.76
54105 THEANINE 200 MG
50 VCA 27.95 22.36
42296 TOCOTRIENOLS PALM
30 SGC 23.95 19.16
58526 TRANS RESVERATL 500MG B
60
69.95 55.96
54447 TRIMOLOGY FLAVONOID
90 SGC 39.95 31.96
54106 TRYPTOPHAN 500 MG
50 VCA 25.95 20.76
Code
Product Name
Size Form
List Discnt
59405 TRYPTOPHAN 500 MG VCAP
100 VCA 48.50 38.80
55065 TURMERIC ROOT EXTRACT
60 VCA 24.95 19.96
55550 TYROSINE 500 MG VCAP
50 VCA 12.50 10.00
53140 UBIQUINOL COQ10 100 MG
60 SGC 51.50 41.20
58429 UBIQUINOL COQ10 200 MG
60 SGC 90.95 72.75
53139 UBIQUINOL COQ10 25 MG
60 SGC 19.50 15.60
52596 UBIQUINOL COQ10 50 MG
60 SGC 30.95 24.76
40497 ULTIMATE HAIR AND NAIL
60 CAP 22.50 18.00
40495 ULTIMATE HAIR AND NAIL
90 CAP 31.95 25.56
56790 VEGGIE CHOICE
90 CPL 28.95 23.16
41850 VITA COQ10 FORM SUPER
90 CPL 41.95 33.56
60392 VITA COQ10 SUPER
120 CPL 54.50 43.60
43731 VITEX EXT 225 MG
60 VCA 17.50 14.00
45421 WHEY OF LIFE PAK VAN
EA PWD 1.62 1.29
57378 WHEY OF LIFE PWD CHOC
2.2 PWD 40.95 32.76
45415 WHEY OF LIFE PWD VAN
1.1 PWD 23.95 19.16
60010 WHEY PROT IOSL CHOC PAK
8 PWD 18.95 15.16
56410 WHEY PROT ISOL BERRY
1LB PWD 28.95 23.16
56335 WHEY PROT ISOL FR VAN
1LB PWD 28.95 23.16
56337 WHEY PROT ISOL STRAW
1LB PWD 28.95 23.16
56492 WHEY PROT ISOLATE CHOC
2.2 PWD 48.95 39.16
56336 WHEY PROTEIN ISOL CHOC
1LB PWD 28.95 23.16
55897 WHEY PROTEIN ISOL ORIG
2.2 PWD 48.95 39.16
53590 WHEY PROTEIN ISOL ORIG
1.1 PWD 28.95 23.16
55022 ZEAXANTHIN PLUS LUTEIN
30 SGC 14.50 11.60
55020 ZINC 30 MG CHELATED
90 VCA 12.50 10.00
57485 ZINC LOZ ORANGE FLAVOR
60 LOZ 11.50 9.20
58736 ZINC PICOLINATE 50 MG
50 VCA 11.50 9.20
BODY BREAKTHROUGH
21752 TRIM MAXX CINNAMON
30 BAG 8.19 6.55
50862 TRIM MAXX ORIGINAL
30 BAG 8.19 6.55
BOERICKE & TAFEL
23994 ALLERGIEMITTEL
40 TAB 10.49 8.39
38987 ALPHA CF COLD & FLU
120 TAB 11.49 9.19
Code
Product Name
Size Form
List Discnt
16919 ALPHA CF COLD & FLU
40 TAB 10.49 8.3
16934 ALPHA CHILD CF
100 TAB 10.49 8.3
16940 ARNIFLORA ARNICA GEL
1 Z GEL 6.49 5.1
16941 ARNIFLORA ARNICA GEL
2.7 GEL 12.99 10.3
16943 CALIFLORA CALENDLA GEL
1 Z GEL 6.49 5.1
16942 CALIFLORA CALENDLA GEL
2.7 GEL 12.99 10.3
27950 COUGH & BRONC NIGHTIM
8 Z LIQ 13.49 10.7
40457 COUGH & BRONC SYRP A/F
8 Z LIQ 13.49 10.7
35713 COUGH & BRONC SYRP A/F
4 Z LIQ 7.49 5.9
23660 COUGH & BRONCH CHILD
4 Z LIQ 7.49 5.9
23689 COUGH & BRONCH CHILD
8 Z LIQ 13.49 10.7
23661 COUGH & BRONCH NIGHTIM
4 Z LIQ 7.49 5.9
16938 COUGH & BRONCHIAL SYR
8 Z LIQ 13.49 10.7
16939 COUGH & BRONCHIAL SYR
4 Z LIQ 7.49 5.9
32825 FLORASONE CARDIOSP CRM
1Z CRM 10.99 8.7
60109 IGNATIA AMARA 30 C
100 TAB 5.99 4.7
40097 NOVITRA
.25 CRM 13.99 11.2
39047 PSORIAFLORA
1 Z CRM 10.99 8.7
32401 SCIATIC AIDE
100 TAB 10.49 8.3
25089 SPORTS GEL
2.5 GEL 14.49 11.5
16947 STINGSTOP SOOTHIN GEL
2.5 GEL 12.99 10.3
16946 STINGSTOP SOOTHING GEL
1 Z GEL 6.49 5.1
16945 TRIFLORA ARTHRITIS GEL
2.7 GEL 12.99 10.3
BOIRON USA
31962 ACIDIL TAB
60 TAB 10.99 8.7
42217 ARNICA GEL DUO ARNICA
2.5 GEL 18.99 15.1
23932 ARNICA MONTANA 30X
275 TAB 11.60 11.6
55399 ARNICARE ARTHR TAB BON
60 TAB 10.70 10.7
57297 ARNICARE CREAM ARN 30C
2.5 CRM 14.19 11.3
43944 ARNICARE CREAM ARNICA
1.3 CRM 7.39 5.9
51705 ARNICARE CREAM ARNICA
2.5 CRM 11.49 9.1
15085 ARNICARE GEL ARNICA
1.5 GEL 7.39 5.9
31940 ARNICARE GEL ARNICA
2.5 GEL 11.49 9.1
38130 ARNICARE GEL ARNICA 30
2.5 GEL 14.59 11.6
15084 ARNICARE OINTMENT
1 Z ONT 7.39 5.9
Code
Product Name
Size Form
List Disc
enough overhead. If the sun is low
on the horizon, you may tan but you
won’t make much vitamin D.
Passwater: How is it made in the
skin?
Cannell: The vitamin D precursor
in our skin is 7-dehydrocholesterol,
which is made in the body from cho-
lesterol. Ultraviolet-B (UVB) energy
converts 7-dehydrocholesterol into
cholecalciferol, which is the name of
natural vitamin D. Cholecalciferol
(pronounced koh luh kal sif
uh rawl) is then carried in the
bloodstream to the liver, where it is
converted into the prohormone 25-
hydroxy vitamin D (calcidiol). Some
of that 25-hydroxy vitamin D is then
transported to the kidneys where it is
hydroxylated further to form 1,25-
hydroxy vitamin D (calcitriol). This
form is the physiologically active
form of vitamin D. The calcitriol
made in the kidneys is to fulfill only
one of vitamin D’s functions: its
endocrine function, which is to
maintain the calcium economy.
Technically not a “vitamin,” vitamin
D is in a class by itself. Its second
Autumn 2011 - Willner Chemists Reference Catalog
Page
metabolic product, 1,25-hydroxy
vitamin D (calcitriol), is actually a
hormone, a key that fits binding sites
on the human genome. The human
genome contains more than 2,700
binding sites for 1,25-hydroxy vita-
min D; those binding sites are near
genes involved in virtually every
known major disease of humans.
Passwater: No wonder vitamin D is
the focus of so many disease-related
studies. It seems to be involved in
almost everything.
Getting back to the effect of posi-
tion of the sun and the production of
vitamin D, is this because it takes
more UV energy (in terms of photons
per unit of time or surface area) to
convert 7-dehydrocholesterol to vita-
min D, or does the conversion
require a different energy in terms of
wavelength?
Cannell: Vitamin D3 is made in the
skin when 7-dehydrocholesterol
reacts with UVB at wavelengths
between 270 and 300 nm, with
peak synthesis occurring between
295 and 297 nm. A large number of
these wavelengths are present in
sunlight when the sun is high enoug
that your shadow is shorter than yo
otherwise, the ozone in the atmos-
phere prevents UVB radiation from
penetrating the atmosphere.
Passwater: You mentioned that
time of day is critical in producing
vitamin D in skin, but latitude and
time of year also play roles. At 42
degrees latitude, the sun’s energy at
noon is only 75% of the energy at
the equator (SIN 48) at that time.
The noonday sun in Florida is more
intense (i.e., more UV photons per
square inch) than the noonday sun
in New York, so New Yorkers need
more time in the sun to make their
vitamin D. A beam of noon sunlight
is spread out further (thus has fewer
photons of UV energy per square
inch) in Chicago than in Peru. In
Chicago, the noon sunlight is at 42
degrees north latitude and has an
angle of 42 degrees; in Peru, the
noon sunlight is at three degrees
south latitude, which makes the sun
angle 87 degrees.
Cannell: Yes, that’s right. Also, thin
. . . continued on page 2